Gannet Northern Morus bassanus
Aka: Gan (Wales) Herring Gan (Norfolk, both likely derived from the Dutch 'gent' for gander). From Iceland we get
Solan Goose and, from Forfar, Bass goose or Basser, for Bass Rock, its favourite haunt in the Firth of Forth. Called
Channel Goose in North Devon. According to Swainson (1885) it has been called Spectacled Goose in other parts of UK,
however it is unclear here if there is any possible confusion with either Spectacled or Egyptian geese.
Rennie (1833) relates tales of 'more uninformed' Scottish peasantry still believing that the Soland goose (Gannet)
grows by the bill from the rock of the cliffs of Bass rock and St Kilda. This appears to be related to far earlier
myths of 'goose-trees', and derived tales of Goose Barnacles that actually bore geese. I mean go read pgs 362-375 of
'
The Domestic habits of Birds 1883 ' here:
Extract from Rennie 1833, starts at
last paragraph: n.b. this links to an external website
I will admit Gannets are one of my favourite birds, big sleek and sexy, much like myself really. I tend to
over-photograph them whenever I get the chance. So my choice is to try and pick only a few.
clown
As I'm after seabirds along the Aberdeenshire coast I obviously ain't going to miss Troupe Head. I even find an
ideal spot to stay for a few days, a ‘glamping pod’ only minutes walk from the cliff-top, meaning even I can be
there easily in the early morn. It even comes with a friendly whitethroat singing loudly through the open window
by my head to wake me at ‘sparrows fart’.
Sunny days continue as I get my first real look at Gannets close up in far too long. Oh, I get the smell too,
less delightful I will admit. Luckily for most of this day and the next a gentle south-westerly is ameliorating
the ordure odour (the poets back) quite a bit.
I think this chap should appear first in the pictures from Troupe. Not least because he made me smile. As he
twists his neck to look at the squabbling next door the wind catches his feathers. I’m sorry, I mean no
disrespect, but he made me think of a clown. Snap. Later, whilst reviewing these pictures I realise it is me who
is the clown, for not coming here to see my favourite birds years ago.
Morus bassanus Troupe Head
10/06/2026
Canon R5ii EF500mm x1.4 f6.4 1/2049th ISO100
coffee
I pause for a coffee (aren’t coffee bags just the greatest invention?), as I sit and sip I watch a few Gannets
plucking grasses from a crumbled part of the cliff edge. I'd like a photo of this activity but the area is
shaded, and the angles aren’t brilliant either. As a second cup brews I track one or two though the camera, in
case something looks nice, nothing does, so I relax again. Then one flies up a few metres and perches in
the sun with some bedding for his nursery. Quickly grabbing the camera I find him. Snap. He looks nice, turning
back I find I've knocked the cup over, and the flask is now empty too. Of such moments is my life composed!
Morus bassanus Troupe Head
10/06/2026
Canon R5ii EF500mm x1.4 f8 1/3165th ISO100
head and shoulders
I wander a bit, sit a bit, just watching these big sexy birds go about their day. It is a treat, although the
coffee accident is beginging to be felt. I am drawn by this chap, he is looking around, seemingly taking it all in too. I notice that he is standing in front of some dark vegetation and, as he he so brightly lit, it will give me a lovely deep brown background. Snap. When I review this shot later I realise the effect is the essentially the same as one of the rolls of background paper I would have used for studio portaits etc near half a century ago. Anyone got a spare coffee?
Morus bassanus Troupe Head
10/06/2026
Canon R5ii EF500mm x1.4 f6.4 1/3165th ISO200
día de los muertos
from head to feet, and no I am not turning this site into a location for foot fetishists, I mean you've truly
reached bottom if podophilia is your cacoēthes, but do look at these. What a pair! For me they immediately evoke images of the exotic costumes worn by participants in celebrations of the dead in many parts of the world.
It’s a poor picture for sure, I’ve had to crop way too much, but I wanted you to see them.
Morus bassanus Troupe Head
10/06/2026
Canon R5ii EF500mm x1.4 f6.4 1/2049th ISO100
against the gloaming of the sea
the equipment I used nearly 20 yrs ago was clearly not as 'good' as that I am lucky to use today, however I
have some pictures taken from my time living on Shetland that I still think are pretty enough for inclusion
here, so:
I figure that if you want to get up close and personal with seabirds during breeding season then you need to
get into their world, the middle of a colony. You could of course lower yourself from the top a 400ft cliff on a
piece of string, nodding respectfully at each resdident as you slowly pass, getting pecked and shat on all the
way down. I mean you could. I prefer the less onerous option, sit in a boat. OK, I can't swim I know, what happens
if it sinks, but what if the string broke huh, then I'd be in the same situation anyway, only with far fewer usable
limbs with which to thrash about with. So, at the bottom of a busy busy cliff, somewhere near the Noup of Noss
(Shetland) I join 'the noise' and 'the smell'. Out here, now, in breeding season it is like ...........
........ well I don’t think there is any analogy that can remotely help explain what a large seabird colony is
like in summer, it is simply 'full-on', overloaded clamour for the senses: noise, smell, noise, action, more
noise, a lot more smell, repeat and repeat. Birds dive, birds take off, yet more birds fly back and forth
overhead. And you sit in the middle, utterly surrounded by it all. Clutching a camera to your chest.
Overwhelmed, simply overwhelmed.
Eventually you notice a few solitary birds sitting, just floating, taking a little break from it all, tiny
islands of calm in an ocean of action, "it's just for a few moments, honest! ". As I centre on this
single bird part of my brain begins to remember why I'm supposed to be here and, without asking permission, I
start taking a few pictures. Once you focus on this one bird amongst thousands the noise seems to retreat for a
while.
The dark shade at the foot of the cliff creates a perfect backdrop for this light-coloured bird. I can see it's
going to look nice. Snap. I think he knows how good he looks as he gently floats there thinking of how nice a
day or two off would be.
Morus bassanus off Isle of Noss, Shetland
09/07/2010 14:20
Canon 7D EF100-400mm (400mm) f6.3 1/8000th ISO800
final approach
A couple of days later and I'm back at the same cliff, only 400ft higher, wishing I'd bought that string. It's
high up here and rather windy (such an unusual thing for Shetland!) and to see what's happening below, a long
long way below, I'm laying on the edge. Having a bit of string wrapped round my left ankle, with the other tied
to a rock, or to one of the puffins all around me, would make me happier right now.
I spend a while laying there, gripping Mother Earth for all it's worth, watching this hectic suburb of
Gannetville, I take a few shots but find it hard to see any real 'pretty' options, it's all too cluttered. Then
I notice this chap coming home and track him for a few hundred meters until he gets in line with the cliff of
the opposite side of the small inlet I'm overlooking. Snap.He lives pretty much on the 'top-floor' of this
vertical city and we're both at the same 'altitude' so to speak. This, together with the bokeh and movement blur
that just softens the dark looming cliff-face, creates something of an abstract background for the bird, so it
qualifies as a pretty picture, well to me.
Morus bassanus Isle of Noss, Shetland
11/07/2010
Canon 7D EF100-400mm (400mm) f7.1 1/3200th ISO800
back a bit
OK I'm going to limit myself to how many pictures of Gannets from Shetland I use, because, as said, the old 7D
and lens I was using then were simply not up reproduction at high resolution.
So which final one shall I use? Well I try and pick pretty ones, so for colour, contrast and pose I think I'm
going to return to this one taken as I was laying on a low 2m high 'cliff', on the very edge of the sea with a
cuppa from a flask and a bikky. This gave me the opportunity to capture Gannets as they retake to the air
following a dive.
The low camera and sun angles create a beautiful deep blue that sets off the subtle colours of the bird rather
nicely I think and, as I keep having to you remind you, it is my website!
Morus bassanus Bressay, Shetland
07/07/2010
Canon 7D EF100-400mm (400mm) f11 1/2000th ISO500
Cormorant Phalacrocorax carbo
Earlier names inc: Sea Crow, Coal goose (Kent), Scart (Lancs, Northern Ireland and Orkney)
derived probably from Skarf (Norway). Shetlanders called adult cormorants 'loering' and their young
'brongie'. Cormorants feature in a fair bit of folklore: Thompson (1833) relates that the belief amongst the people
living about Lough Neagh (Ireland) is that the birds must travel to the sea at least once a day for a drink of salt
water, and they would die within 24 hrs if they couldn't. Swainson (1885) tells of a story that on the 9th Sept 1860
a cormorant took up residence on the steeple of Boston Church (Lincolnshire, England) much to the alarm of
superstitious parishioners. There it remained till it was shot by the church's caretaker. The fears of the credulous
were confirmed when news reaches them of the sinking of the 'PS Lady Elgin' and the drowning over 300 passengers,
one of whom was the much-liked MP for Boston, Mr Herbert Ingram.
At this point I should finish with the theme from the 'twilight zone' or X-files. I'll choose something a little
more cultured that reinforce superstitious links between Cormorants and the Devil. In John Milton's 'Paradise Lost'
he writes of Satan flying into the ‘Garden of Eden’ and perching:
" On the tree of life,
The middle tree, the highest there that grew,
Sat like a cormorant."
As we all know birds are direct descendants of dinosaurs, and I sometimes think Cormorants show this heritage well.
Look at the swimmiung pictures below, and tell me I’m wrong. Come on, it’s a baby Plesiosaur.
Now, before I get excommunicated from my almae matres I do happen to know plesiosaurs aint dinosaurs, and
that I’ve rather simplified lineages here. But, there is a thing called poetic licence, and I’m using that right.
So, if there are any pedants out there who want to object to what I said, stick that up your bottoms.
ol' blue eyes
It it a glorious day, one of those truly lovely Scottish highland late winter blue sky bright sunny days (and
I’ve just heard it’s dark grey and raining very heavily down south in England, tee hee). Oh, where am I, well
wandering along the towpath of the Inverness end of the Caledonian canal (actually this bit is called ‘Muirtown
Basin’, but that sounds altogether too gloomy a name for what I’m feeling. Looking ahead I see a Cormorant
sitting in the lovely sunshine, relaxing and preening on a mooring platform. Many imagine this bird to be mostly
black, sure in a dull light, or against bright water they do look black. But get bright sun on them and they’re
a lovely medley of olives and deep browns. And, here’s a thing, I’m on this side of the canal for this very
reason, to get the sun behind my back. I don’t just wander aimlessly around you know, I’m hurt you thought so.
I slowly creep forward, trying to approach closer, and to get that alignment of light I want, slowly, very
slowly, quietly, very quietly. I don’t want to disturb him/her, I want this picture now. Then I hear a loud
voice behind me, slapping feet, gasping breathing and in moments a ‘heavily-built’ lady jogs past shouting on
her phone (ordering a pizza?) She runs straight towards ‘my bird’, aaargh. Closer and closer , shout, thump,
gasp. I could scream.
But the bird preens and sunbathes, totally unconcerned. as the jogger passes within a few metres. I’m in the
wrong movie! Ok, I had forgotten how acclimated to disturbance many birds can become.
I walk up and take his picture! At least he doesn’t ask for chips in payment. I love his deep blue eyes. These
are a pretty birds really.
Phalacrocorax carbo Inverness
10/2/2026
Canon R5 EF 500mm x1.4 f5.6 1/1025th ISO200
dandy
Here he is in full length, showing those colours I wanted to capture. OK, he hasn’t picked the most scenic of
locations, but look at that coat.
He’s no drab dull monster really, he’s quite a dandy.
Phalacrocorax carbo Inverness
10/2/2026
Canon R5 EF 500mm x1.4 f5.6 1/2049th ISO320
hunter-killer
Late one frozen winter’s afternoon I wandered down to Stirling University’s lochan
wondering if there might be a couple of nice ducky pictures up for grabs as they settled down for a cold night.
Most of the surface turned out to be frozen with all the ducks, and a few gulls, floating around jammed together
into a fairly small patch of open water by one shore. A captive audience for me.
Whilst tracking a sweet ‘tuftie’ through the very narrow field of view of the ‘500’ he suddenly turned about,
swam determinedly away from me, jumped onto the ice, and just stood there. ‘Miserable git’ I thought, and panned
about trying to find another through the lens. Nothing! I couldn’t find anything in the crammed little space.
‘WTF’......!
...... taking my eye from the viewfinder I see the ‘pond’, full of birds only moments before, was now totally
empty, with all the previous occupants standing along the edge the ice, looking at each other, and back at the
empty water. Again, WTF was going on? It really looked for all the world like a fire-drill! Do they have them in ponds I wondered.
At that moment everything became clear as a 'hunter-killer’ surfaces in the middle of this small, now empty, ice-free space.
Phalacrocorax carbo U. of Stirling campus.
11/12/2024
Canon R5 EF 500mm f4.7 1/3200th ISO3200
baby killer
?
Cormorants are primarily, almost exclusively, fish-eaters, and certainly can’t swallow an adult duck, but they
certainly could manage a tasty little duckling or two. Hence, I suspect all mummy ducks tell their chicks about
the dangers from the deeps and the evil cormorant who’ll grab their little tootsies and pull them down, forever.
Mebbe they have their own version of ‘Little Red Riding Hood’. Whatever it was called they had all learned it
well. Of course I ought to add a little evolutionary reality here. I should have said that all those chicks who
didn’t listen to their mummies got ate up, and didn’t live to pass the story on. That’s exactly how evolution
works, well something like that!
Still a dinosaur I say, and it's my website so stop being a pedant.
Phalacrocorax carbo U. of Stirling campus. 11/12/2024
Canon R5 EF 500mm f4.7 1/3200th ISO3200
Fulmar (northern) Fulmarus glacialis
Name is apparently related to 'Foumart', an earlier name for the polecat, itself meaning
'foul martin', all of which is to say they kinda stink ! Well, they readily discharge (a polite word for a change) a
stinking oil when threatened or handled. Fair enough if you ask me, I don’t imagine anyone grabbing one from its
nest has any good intentions really.
Swainson 1856 suggests that the Icelandic and Danish names of 'Fole mar' and 'Hav hest' respectively
mean sea horse and relates both to its movements on water as well as the snorting noise it can make when breathing.
Sadly, I cannot seem to confirm the Icelandic part of this as Swainson apparently presents to a phonetic version of
the name, probably related via a Shetland whaler, who heard it from a Lowestoft trawlerman in a pub in Oslo.
Talking of Shetland, which I do whenever I can, they called them Malmock, Malduck or Mallemock. The pictures here
all come from those islands.
home sweet home
Voyeurism probably isn’t to be encouraged, but there are often little places on coastal
cliffs where, if you lay down and look over the edge (preferably with feet held tightly by several strong
blokes/ladies/blocks of cement) you can gain total access to the private lives of those below. Sadly, I never
have strong blokes or, doubly sadly, strong ladies with me, but I am nosey.
This cute Fulmar, just looks so comfy and relaxed. Not something you might imagine possible wedged into little
rock hole near the top of a 400ft cliff, still each to his/his own.
Fulmarus glacialis Isle of Noss, Shetland
20/02/2010 15:20
Canon 7D EF100-400mm f13 1/500th ISO100
neighbours, from hell
Seabird colonies are just plain noisy, everyone has something, sorry a lot, to say, nice
or otherwise. Just next door to the last bird a new couple have moved in, and they just don’t shut up, music
full blast, always arguing, and they’ll be having kids next. And there’s not even a thin wall.
Despite the racket, it does look sort of cozy in there right now, but when the next south-westerly storm blows
in? One thing I do know for sure, tho. is that I will not be here leaning over this cliff edge taking snaps when
it does.
Fulmarus glacialis Isle of Noss, Shetland 20/02/2010
Canon 7D EF100-400mm f13 1/320th ISO100
des res
Not all apartments are the same of course, this upmarket suite comes complete with a balcony for sunny afternoons. It does look idyllic. And she seems to be enjoying it.
Fulmarus glacialis Isle of Noss, Shetland 20/02/2010
Canon 7D EF100-400mm f13 1/320th ISO100
Guillemot: Common (Common Murre) Uria aalge
Variously called: Greenland dove (Orkney Isles), Sea pigeon and Rock Dove (Ireland), Sea Dovie (Forfar), Diving pigeon and Puffixet (Farn Isles), Scraber (Lothian and Hebrides) and Tystie (Orkney and Shetland). The Welsh call it Cas gan longwr meaning the sailor's hatred because it was said to foretell a storm.
n.b. this has been one of the hardest species to reconcile with earlier and parochial names because taxonomy has altered a tad in over 140 yrs. and Swainson (1885) also appears to have 'typo' in it. So, if I've made errors, and you notice, let me know. I just didn't want you to miss out !
sleek beauty, in black and white
Guillemots are high on my wish list for a trip along the Aberdeenshire coast. My first call is RSPB Fowlsheugh, a likely spot. And here I get an unexpected, and to be honest, somewhat unpleasant surprise, the sheer number of ‘tourists’, not birders. You can tell from attire and lack of binoculars. What is more, similar crowds will be present at nearly every cliff-top I visit over the next week; it puzzles me. After chatting to one or two it becomes clear that we can blame social media and interweb sites like Tripadvisor etc, those of tax-funded organisations such as VisitScotland and, worse, so much worse, the RSPB. All no doubt dripping with advertising jargon like ‘spectacle’ and ‘majesty’ and all telling people to visit. But it is actually more cynical than this I realise, after being asked for the umpteenth time, by so many lost souls over the next few days, the same question: “where are the puffins”. No, these visitors aren’t here for kittiwake, fulmar, razorbill or gull, they aren’t here for any majesty, and certainly not the contemplative appreciation of ones own place in the universe that so readily comes with quietly sitting atop a cliff-top with a few thousand seabirds. No, all are all looking for one thing, puffins. This threatened little bird is being commercialised, no rather it is being exploited. Everyone is telling tourists they must go see them, bit like a building or statue. They are being sold as ‘a thing to do’, so tourists can say ‘I saw one’ and send their mates a picture via CrapChat. Now, given how most seabird populations are threatened by over-fishing they really don’t need wholesale disturbance by tikky-tokkies (many with free-running dogs!) looking for something to say they saw. Sorry, I probably ought to stop here.
Good cheer however returns once I’m clear of the hordes, and especially as I notice a little group of razorbills and guillemots perched atop a tiny pinnacle of rock a couple of metres out from the main cliff. They are squabbling as more than can readily fit into the available space try to do so. I sit for ages, just watching them, their behaviour, unchanged no doubt for thousands of thousands of years. It isn’t quiet, but it is peaceful. it is a busy, but it is tranquil. Birds, cliff, sea and sky, nothing else. It is some while before a fragment of conscious mind pushes through my meditation and, somewhat vacuously I thought, informs me that the visual contrast between these two species evokes visions of middle Earth, Guillemots, sleek. slender, refined,poised, intelligent: these surely are the Elves. That almost brutish decorated helmet face of the razorbill, well they’re obviously Orcs. And yes, of course, they’re also Auks, but there again so are the Guillemots, I think I need a coffee! But first, a few snaps.
The lighting and backdrop of distant shadowed cliff are perfect, and how often do I say that? If I do have a complaint (don’t I ever) it is the wind, strong and gusty, it really wants me in Norway, by way of the cliff-edge a metre away. My more immediate concern is trying to hold the big lens still. Why not a tripod you ask? What a great idea, did you carry one up here? I can't lay down either because the grass it too tall, ho hum, high shutter speed then.
These beautiful sleek birds come in two colour schemes, arising from a simple polymorphism, and we have both morphs together here, the ‘bridled’ and ere, well ‘un-bridled’ I guess. I love the way the rearward bird is giving such an adoring look at our main subject. I'd like to think she’s his good lady wife. Otherwise there’s going to be some squabbling later.
Uria aalge
07/06/2026
Canon R5ii EF 500mm x1.4 f7 1/8197th ISO2000
love
As I begin to take a few more there is a slight disturbance in the force as a Razorbill
tries to get a perch, it draws the attention of these two. But notice the adoring looks continue from the back,
he’s in love, he's got it bad, it is as simple as that. I can only imagine it’s unbridled love…..sorry I had to
say it.
Uria aalge 07/06/2026
Canon R5ii EF 500mm x1.4 f7 1/5319th ISO6400
Razorbill: Alca torda
Original derivation of auk appears to be from the Icelandic âlka, from which Alk,
Oke, Falk or Faik (Hebrides) and Bawkie (Orkney) also arise. The alternate Murre (Cornwall) and Marrott (East
Lothian; Aberdeen) are similarly derived from the Icelandic, in this case mâr for the cry of a bird
Has also been called Scout (Shetland; Farne Isle), Sea crow (Orkney), Gurfel. Puffin (Antrim) Hrogga (Shetland) and
Willock or Willcok (also from Shetland; they have a lot of seabirds and not much else so apparently use a lot of
names).
Swainson (1885) relates that the unsteady and wavering gait of Auks on land gave us the northern saying “as drunk as
an auk”, certainly more poetic than the “pissed as a fart” that I grew up with in Norfolk.
Alca torda 07/06/2026
Canon R5ii EF 500mm x1.4 f7 1/3098th ISO6400
Auk, or Orc
The first chap I can get close too appears to be pondering how much farther there is to climb, a meditation that
allows us to clearly see that awkward looking, but beautifully decorated, bill.
I think ‘car-fanciers’ call this detailing, but then they’re as barmy as train spotters.
Alca torda 07/06/2026
Canon R5ii EF 500mm x1.4 f7 1/3098th ISO6400
designer hints
Now, as any designer will tell you, if you’re going for that stark black look, having
something truly bright and colourful to serve as a contrast works well. This used to be popular, and still is,
with car and bag designers, here the razorbill uses it to perfection. In fact the Guillemot follows the same
designer.
Alca torda 07/06/2026
Canon R5ii EF 500mm x1.4 f6.4 1/3165th ISO4000
love, on a clifftop
I’m back at that rock shown in the guillemot pictures. A pair of Razorbill have muscled
their way in, and my aren’t they in love.
We are such an arrogant and egotistical species that most people somehow imagine only we have thoughts and emotions. No those exquisite electrical transactions, moderated and mediated by a complex soup of enzymes has been evolving since animals turned up. Did you think God made it just for us?? Get real my friend. Ever seen a happy dog, or one pining for a lost playmate or owner. What do you think is going on? For that matter have you seen and heard sheep or cows who have just had the children taken away for slaughter (enjoy your pie). And I would conjecture they feel something like love just as we do, albeit undoubtedly with less intellectual ramifications. Now, I will admit we are the only animals that write poetry about it or, for that matter, publish books telling others how truly unhappy we were in childhood, but look at these two. Just look. Do you really think they are faking this stuff for our amusement. However they feel it, they are building the co-commitment and ‘trust’ to each other required to raise chicks in a harsh environment, and that elusive thing called love (due acknowledgments to Cole Porter) is the simplest electrochemical route to achieving that. These two are in love, however Razorbills feel it. Don’t get me wrong, there are other complex ecological forces at play too here. Whatever she ‘feels’ about him, however well she ‘choose’ he might be infertile, and the vice versa for him. They’re only going to get a few shots at passing those genes on. So, yes she’ll likely accept a ‘quick one’ from another chap while hubby is off fishing and, as likely, he might pop round to see the girl next door on the way home. It
happens. You know it does.
Ho hum you came for pretty pictures, not ecological treatises. Sorry.
Alca torda 07/06/2026
Canon R5ii EF 500mm x1.4 f6.4 1/5319th ISO3200
yes I know what they're up to
I know I promised not to turn this site into one for perverts or foot-fetishes, and yet,
one bird later, here we are, a bit of clifftop, gratuitously public, bonking. Look, they have to make baby Razorbills somehow, and this is the only way they know.
I was, in fact, still looking through the viewfinder as I took the loving picture above, and there he was, getting down, or rather up, to it. I didn’t ask if they minded me taking a picture, and for that I am greatly sorry.
And no I am not going to run a ‘caption competition'. I just hope she isn’t saying something like “you might have waited a couple of minutes because there’s a bloody pervert over there taking pictures”. Feeling a little dirty I turn away and left them to their love.
Alca torda
07/06/2026
Canon R5ii EF 500mm x1.4 f6.4 1/5319th ISO1000
Puffin Fratercula arctica
Swainson (1885) suggests its name my arise because it looks 'puffed out' or from its swelling beak. This latter, perhaps most endearing feature, gave rise to the names: Sea Parrot (from Norfolk), similar to the French 'Perroquet de mer' , Bottlenose, Coulterneb (Farne), Bill (Galaway) and Guldenhead. Pipe or Pope come from Cornwall and Willock from Kent, although the origin for these names is not described. From the location of particular colonies, we get Bass Cock and Ailsa Cock (Scotland) and Ailsa Parrot (County Antrim).
Has also been referred to as Tommy, Tommy noddy or Tommie norie (Farne and Scotland), the norie here meaning a boy. There is an old Scotch jocular saying when a young man cannot address a rustic coquette:
' Tammie Norie o' the Bass
Canna kiss a bonny lass '
This is presumably referring to both the perceived shyness of the Puffin combined with its long bill giving it an air of stupidity. Frankly that explanation is too long for such small ditty.
When it comes to names of course you may ponder the mystery of why the Latin binomial name Puffinus puffinus is not applied to the Puffin, but to the Manx shearwater. The Puffin instead being given the name Fratercula arctica , what is this madness? Well, the story is somewhat complicated, and with that little taxonomic tease I'll move on !
chillin'
?
Well, who doesn’t love a Puffin? That huge bill ought to make them look ridiculous, perhaps it does, but look at him! He’s got to be amongst everyone's top ten ‘birds you want to take home and cuddle' list. Puffins have another huge advantage over other cliff-nesters in my mind. They nest on top, meaning I don’t have to terrify myself to get pictures!
This chap is sitting happily overlooking the sun-lit Atlantic, which here provides a nice dark blue backdrop for his bill. It's why I took it after-all.
Fratercula arctica 12/05/2011
Canon 7D EF 100-400mm (400mm) f10 1/8000th ISO400
another head and shoulders
?
I mean the rest of the Puffin is just a chubby little black and white bird right, so I won't apologise for another head shot.
This time set against dried cliff-top grasses, it was a long dry and sunny summer, in Shetland! Yes, you heard me. It happens.
Fratercula arctica Sumburgh Head 12/06/2009
Canon 350D EF 100-400mm (400mm) f13 1/1250th ISO1600
face-off
?
The one face a Puffin can’t really pull off, the menacing stare!
Fratercula arctica 12/06/2009
Canon 7D EF 100-400mm (400mm) f13 1/1600th ISO1600
pleasure flight
?
Sometimes when you watch a bird hovering, you can see the work going into it, imagine kestrel. This guy, not so much.
He has literally just stepped off the cliff-top, and the steady updraught from the westerly wind (I didn’t say the wind had stopped too, it is Shetland!) just holds him there. A little flex of a wing, or a twitch of a foot to compensate for any vortices or gusts, and he just hangs there. Notice how his feet are held, working as rudders, compensating for his stubby tail. And what’s more he stays like this, essentially motionless in the air, for well over a minute. It is an exquisite display of this birds mastery of the air. Handy if you walk off clifftops I guess,
To round off this performance, I kid you not he then just drifted slowly to the side and stepped back onto the cliff, mere inches from where he stepped off. He hadn’t travelled more than a couple of feet.
What was it all for, sheer exuberance, me? I have no idea, but it was enjoyable to watch.
Fratercula arctica Sumburgh Head, Shetland 12/06/2009
Canon 7D EF 100-400mm (400mm) f5.6 1/1600th ISO400
Black Skimmer Rynchops niger
This species is one of my favourite examples of how evolution hones functionality over beauty to produce some mighty odd-looking (to us) birds. To each other I guess they look just fine! They also belong to a genus with a truly excellent name, Rynchops, although I don't know how they feel about that either.
Having a lower bill markedly longer the upper allows them to fish in a unique way, flying low over the surface and trailing it in water, snapping the upper shut the moment a fish is detected. This is assisted with a good degree of binocular vision and, uniquely for birds, vertically-slitted pupils (think cats). This latter adaptation allows the bird to have relatively larger pupils for fishing at night (which it does), whilst still being able to function in full sunlight by permitting them to close tighter than circular pupils can.
poor, but i gave up
!
Well, I won't claim this is either a pretty, or even remotely good, picture of this species. It is a record picture, awaiting my return to the US sometime. I must go and donate blood to those Everglade mozzies again, they must be getting hungry by now. Hint, go at end of summer when temporary pools and surface water has dried, not in Spring when they're full of the damned things.
Rynchops niger Cedar Key, Florida 28/09/2012
Canon 7D Sigma 50-500mm f5.6 1/250th ISO200
Can I make a little plea for this group. Most people, if they think of gulls at all, probably do so with, at best, distaste to contempt. Sure they can be noisy, often literally 'in your face', some would say extremely messy, they even nick the odd ice-cream from people’s hands. Oh, and here’s a true fact: a well-fed Herring Gull, can fill the insides of a Mazda MX5 with a prodigious quantity of truly disgusting shit, in a single bomb run. It taught me two things, never leave the car's roof down when popping into a shop for a moment no matter how nice the day, and how fast one’s plans for a lovely day on the beach can change to a significantly less lovely one scrubbing and scrubbing the inside of a car. Oh, and one did score a direct hit on the top of Julie’s head in Stromness, Orkney. That taught me how hard it is to cuddle someone no matter how much you love them when they’re wearing Eau d’Gullshit.
All that said then, the main reason they are a pain is simply us, yes us, again. We perform extensive messy fishing operations, that increases their numbers and teaches them to associate us with food, something we then then reinforce by dumping half-eaten fast-food all over our streets. What we do manage to ‘clear-away’ we dump into open landfill sites. They are of course a highly intelligent group and we have taught them to be the way many of them are. We put free food out, in large quanties, did you think they wouldn't notice?
Arctic Tern Sterna paradisaea
From Shetland we have the name Tarrock, Sparling (Lancashire), with Skirr and Sea Swallow (Ireland). It was called Jourongs in Galaway. This name is derived from its 'cross and peevish' nature which apparently refers to the fact it would peck and bite itself when it was wounded and thrown into the bottom of the boat! Well after simply adding it is a pity they didn't peck and bite the bastards who did that to them, we'll move on.
what have i done
?
I'm wandering around a lonely stretch of coast, low hills and what would be called lochans in Scotland, but the less poetic ‘water’ in Shetland. It was a harsh place to live, they didn’t have time for all that fancy ‘wander lonely/daffodil’ stuff. I was looking for red-throated diver. Anyway, you see how my mind wanders off without me, and that was how I found myself suddenly surrounded by screeches and squawks. Unknowingly, I had wandered into a tern colony, and I was being told, in no uncertain terms, to F...-off.
Without moving, lest I tread on an egg, I let the birds come to me and took a few quick pictures, they are beautiful and delicate-looking birds with those lovely tail-streamer, and I had a lovely bright blue sunny sky, so common on Shetland, against which they contrasted so well.
After a few moments I back away, slowly I was causing them distress, let alone the risk to eggs or chicks.
Sterna paradisaea Moul of Eswick, Shetland
21/04/2010 12:05
Canon 7D EF100-400mm f8 1/800th ISO200
common or arctic
?
Common terns can be a bugger to differentiate from their Arctic cousins, some might think I have done it here. But, apart from all that ‘larger/smaller/more/less delicate' stuff you see endlessly in bird guides, all utterly useless unless have BOTH birds in front of you right now (please tell this to future authors), the sure fire way is the tip of the bill, it is black/very dark in Common and deep red to the tip in Arctic, this is seen most clearly below. If you can see them close that is, otherwise it's back to the books, and good luck!
Sterna paradisaea Moul of Eswick, Shetland
07/07/2010 12:06 Canon 7D EF100-400mm f8 1/800th ISO200
seeing me off
As I retreat one bird follows me for a bit, flying alongside, just to make sure I really am going. I give him a passing shot in defiance, and this more clearly shows that ‘red to the end’ bill.
Sterna paradisaea Moul of Eswick, Shetland
07/07/2010 12:06 Canon 7D EF100-400mm f8 1/5i00th ISO800
Sandwich Tern Thalasseus sandvicensi
Well, the only parochial name Swainson (1885) gives me to pass on to you is from the Farn Isles. Apparently they called it 'the tern' !
Contrary to what you might expect, the name does not derive from the habit of John Montagu munching one wedged between two pieces of bread in the midst of a hand of cards. Somewhat less prosaically it derives from the location in Kent where the first type specimen was obtained and used by John Latham to describe the species in 1787. Of course I now have a nagging need to know how Sandwich in Kent got it's name. Umm, turns out the pre-fix 'sand' comes from the Anglo-Saxon for, are you sitting down (?), yes sand. The commonly used ‘-wich’ is derived from the Anglo-Saxon for a place of trading. So it means a sandy place you can buy things, hopefully not sandwiches. I ought to have been able to work that out. Of course King Charles II used then place name when he created the Earldom of Sandwich so the cheese Sandwich is ultimately named after the place. Well finding that out is 10 minutes of my life I aint getting back, shall we move on?
symmetrical elegance
Deciding to stop off at Cruden bay, a nice little place, I park down on the quay to look around and brew up a coffee, but not have a sandwich. As the bag ferments in hot water I notice a tern working the estuary. Putting the cup down on the bonnet I get the binoculars from the passenger seat. He’s way off and, at first, I simply assume he’s a common or arctic tern. As he closes tho’ I first catch a glimpse of an unruly hair-style, then the black bill, then that yellow tip. A sandwich, I wouldn’t mind a picture of one of those I think. As he passes only a few metres from me he jinks and dives. Why am I watching though the bins? Back seat, unbuckle the safety belt, retrieve camera, note he always ‘buckles up’ as he says hitting the back of my head at 60 mph might damage his autofocus. Of course while I’m doing this the bird has flown. I place the camera on the bonnet too, it’s getting crowded on there, so I pick up the cup for my first sip, not bad. Then my Tern …….. well …... turns up again. I need more hands. He doesn’t venture close this time but works alongside the rocks to my right, alternately heading away, then back again. As he moves against a dark background and turns to head directly at me I take my shots.
He’s a bit too far away to capture much detail. But that perfect symmetry and pose, the isolation against the background, all make it pretty enough for me.
Thalasseus sandvicensis Cruden Bay
09/06/2026
Canon R5ii EF500mm x1.4 f5.6 1/1328th ISO640
delicate dance
My next meeting with Sandwiches is a colony on Ythan Estuary. I decide the best way to get a few snaps might simply be to stand somewhere, and somewhen, and wait for it to happen. What could go wrong?
So, in consultation with tide table and map, I pick such a time and place. I make sure the sun would be over my shoulder, there would be water in front of me, the tide would be a flowin’, the fishies would be a swimmin’. The birds would come, they surely would come, after-all, as I said, what could possibly go wrong?
Well, the sun did. It didn’t explode or anything (you'd probably have heard), no it just decided to hide behind very dark heavy clouds, leaving the only bright patch of sky directly in front of me i.e. behind where the birds were due to perform. Hopeless, absolutely bloody hopeless. Still, what else was I to do but stand there, waiting? Then it rained, I mean why wouldn’t it. I stood there some more, and then they turned up, like I said they would.
In addition to being rather loud, terns are, of course, very agile, they fly fast, change directions on a dime and most are white. I find locating and tracking them against the sky especially difficult, but I persevere, this is why I’m here. But today, thanks to the disappointing weather, I will only have a narrow band of darkish horizon to photograph them against before they hit the water. Well that worked out as well as you might imagine!
So, to cut a long moan short, I failed to get any usable mid-drop, or even overhead pictures, the poor lighting took care of those for me. However, I did pick this chap out as he made the mistake of flying low enough for the water to serve as a darker backdrop, it gives us a chance to at least see the essence of this bird. Actually, Darwin, who arranges these things, gives us a simple bill-based colour key for Terns we’re likely to see in the UK, make sure you know it: here that ‘black dipped in yellow’ is clear enough. Sadly though he’s not revealing that equally characteristic ‘unruly mop’ hairstyle.
Thalasseus sandvicensis Ythan estuary
12/06/2026
Canon R5ii EF500mm x1.4 f5.6 1/2049th ISO160
missed
I also manage to get a few post-dive recovery pictures. This chap is working hard to pull clear just moments after emerging from the water, having apparently missed his supper this time. With the darker background of the water, we can even see that Sandwich Terns have eyes!
Thalasseus sandvicensis Ythan estuary
12/06/2026
Canon R5ii EF500mm x1.4 f5.6 1/2049th ISO160
mutant genius
After getting home, having something to eat and a glass (mebbe 2) of restorative red juice, I set about reviewing the images from the day, i.e deleting most of them! As I browse rapidly through, one catches my eye and made me stop. Looking closer I thought it must be some aberration, a glitch in the camera, software, matrix, somewhere, anywhere. I mean look at him, he’s got his head and arse on upside down, the only bit of him looking right are his wings.
Yes, the rational part of my brain is telling me he’s simply shaking the water off, but he looks so ‘mutant’ at that instant. Perhaps not pretty in any conventional sense, but it's a pretty unusual pose. See how I bend the ‘pretty’ rule to suit myself.
As I look at this image I have to wonder at the processing going on in that brain. Dogs shake like that for sure, but they do it with all four legs deliberately planted on the ground not, my point being, flying through the air, a few inches above the water. Birds use essentially the same vestibular system as you or I, and he’s shaking his about while flying straight, level, and true. It has been mooted for a while that birds may have an additional balance sensory mechanism within what is called the lumbosacral organ (LSO) basically anatomical modifications in the lower end of the spinal cord (near its bum if you like). That’s all fine and dandy, it might even be true, but this chap is wiggling his bum around too. Look I don’t know. I’m just saying it’s a pretty impressive effort. If the LSO debate interests you there is a review paper: Stanchak
et al2020; The Balance Hypothesis for the Avian Lumbosacral Organ and an Exploration of Its Morphological Variation.
Integrative Organismal Biology. doi.org/10.1093/iob/obaa024
CLICK HERE
Thalasseus sandvicensis Cruden Bay
09/06/2026
Canon R5ii EF500mm x1.4 f5.6 1/1328th ISO640
mosaic
I have been persuaded to include a sequence of proceeding images as a mosaic. I hope it clarifies things, and prove I haven't been using AI to make up pictures for me. Clicking on it will open a larger image to peruse at your leisure!
Thalasseus sandvicensis Ythan estuary
12/06/2026
Canon R5ii EF500mm x1.4 f5.6
Forsters Tern Sterna forsteri
An odd visitor to the UK, but so rare that that I cannot find any old, or colloquial, names for it, let alone any amusing anecdotes. So, let me think, I could amuse you with this part of the truly gorgeous and poetic description on Wiki: 'a medium-small tern, 33–36 cm (13–14 in) long with a 64–70 cm (25–28 in) wingspan and a weight ranging from 130 to 190 g (4.6-6.7 oz'. Well that surely excites interest, does it not? You get a real feel for this graceful living creature!
Perhaps, Johann Reinhold Forster (1729–1798), after whom the bird gets its moniker, can provide a modicum of amusement to fill this gap. Well, he was for a while a pastor in the reformed church (sadly I have absolutely no idea from what, or why, they reformed, that might be interesting). Anyway, this sort of puts him into a group of 'continental pastor naturalists'. Later in life he served as naturalist aboard HMS Resolution during Thomas Cook's second expedition (1772-1775), lucky chap.
last shot before a beer
Yup, another record shot really, but I came across this chap late in the afternoon, and tomorrow I carry-on driving north to the panhandle. So, not to make him feel left out, I snapped his picture.
As said, I must get back, not least because that bar on the beach was great, mebbe I’ll have a beer now in fact.
Sterna forsteri Cedar Key. Fl.
28/09/2012
Canon 7D Sigma 50-500mm f7.1 1/1000th ISO200
Royal Tern Thalasseus maximus
As with all birds not resident or breeding in the UK my old texts are simply devoid of stories, so how do I fill this space?
It is easy to forget that most parts of the world do not have such a strong heritage of study and writings on natural history, aided by a wonderful system of educated clergy, sometimes of wealthy families, who, apart from a bit of preaching, marrying, and a burying, had the time to devote to natural history. Later known as the 'parson-naturalists' (note not all were actual parsons!) like Willian Turner (1509ish-1568) through John W/Ray (1627-1705) considered by some to be the father of English natural history, to the more well-known Gilbert White (1720-1793: do go and read the 'Natural History and antiquities of Selbourne 1798, it's still in print).
In this group I would obviously want to include, of course, Charles Darwin (1809-1882), yes, he wasn't a parson, but he had planned to become one, and for sure his works on barnacles are only for the most dedicated. But, come on, he had a damned good idea or two! Now if you haven't heard of any of the above, except the last one, I'll forgive you. If you haven't heard of the last one, well the secret is to keep banging the rocks together guys.*, it'll come to you. * due recognition to the late great Douglas Adams
Right back to Royal Tern, it's got a great big, bright orange-red bill, and lives on much of the southern coasts of the USA, Caribbean, and South America. So. get on a plane tomorrow and go see one, unless of course you live any of these coast already, in which case, go look out of the window. They are a beautiful bird, in flight especially.
I've never named a species, and I doubt they'd let me, but I do ponder the wisdom of giving the specific epiphet 'maximus' to any species. I mean supposed you found a bigger one a month later, what are you going to name it?
last shot before a beer
ii
I spent a while walking Cedar Key’s beach and boat ramp, trying, trying, failing, failing, to get a nice shot of a single Black Skimmer. They are gregarious and dozens flew about, settling for a bit, squabbled as others tried to find a space, and took off again. It was a pain!
Then this chap/lady flew quietly in and settled on concrete mooring right by me. Tiring of the skimmers for a moment, I turn and take their picture, it was, after-all, being nice and quiet. Sadly, it was too close to frame nicely, because I forgot all about the ‘zoom’ thingy, but at least I’d pushed the shutter button for a change!
Thalasseus maximus Cedar Key. Fl.
28/09/2012
Canon 7D Sigma 50-500mm f10 1/640th ISO200
last shot before a beer
iii
No, that's it, I definitely give up trying to get a pretty picture of a Skimmer on its own, bugger 'em I think and snap a few record pics. As I do this another Royal flies in and began squawking to get my attention so, to keep him happy, I took his picture too. Then I went, at last, for that beer, or three.
Thalasseus maximus Cedar Key. Fl.
28/09/2012
Canon 7D Sigma 50-500mm f10 1/640th ISO200
Kittiwake Rissa tridactyla
Current name derives from its cry, three rapid notes, as do: Kittie (East coast; Banff), Sea Kittie (Norfolk, Suffolk), Kishiefaik and Killyweeack (both Orkney), Keltie Aberdeen), and Waeg (Shetland). Has also been known as: Cackereen, Petrel (Flambourgh) Craa maa (Shetland), Annet and Tarrock. Some would want me to add the prefix 'black-legged'to the name, but I won't. There is no need to change an accepted colloquial name understood by all.
Swainson also relates the following bit from the ‘East Anglian’ (a paper/journal from those parts): “Seeing some kitties flying about some swimming willocks (Guillemots) one evening was assured that the willock, after diving and coming up with a fish, presented it to the kitty, who flew down to receive it".
Whilst I love this idea I cannot sadly really accept the interpretation of the behaviour as a form of generous munificence. Where, or if, it occurs it is more likely a result of piracy. I would find myself rather disappointed that such an elegant and lovely looking bird as a Kittiwake could stoop to a bit of ‘street mugging’ but that, as they say, is the way of the world.
hanging pretty
Another lovely sunny day, but with rather more than a fair SW wind blowing, good I think as I arrive at the cliffs at Bullers of Buchan, it’ll keep those far from exquisite seabird colony smells out to sea. I had however forgotten another implication of this wind, that tall rucksack I hang the camera from acts as a big sail. As I follow the narrow path northward, the very narrow path, literally no more than a foot from the vertical drop in places (30cm for you modern types) the wind is constantly pushing me seaward too. I confess I experience some trepidation, the first time I’ve felt like that atop a cliff edge. I try to control it by stopping and looking over the edge to track a few kittiwake though the lens. Nope, that doesn’t help one bit! I move on. The next day a man would fall from these cliffs, suggesting to me that my caution that day was probably wise.
Numerous Kittiwakes are about me, but the first settled one I see, well, just looks lovely, literally hanging on to the cliff face. Looking at him I hope he isn’t seriously thinking of suggesting this place as a nest site to his good lady wife, she’ll leave him there and then. No, rather I like to believe he has actually stopped off here to pick her a nice bunch of the pink Armeria flowers by his head. She’ll like them very much I think. Either way: Snap.
Rissa tridactyla Bulers of Buchan
08/06/2026
Canon R5ii EF500mm x1.4 f5.6 1/5319th ISO2500
who did this
?
These next two tell a little story, perhaps. I mean it looks to all the world as tho’ she’s saying ‘did you do this on my porch?!’
Rissa tridactyla Bulers of Buchan
07/06/2026
Canon R5ii EF500mm x1.4 f5.6 1/2049th ISO100
you come back here right now and clear this up
well, story or not, this picture shows how lovely that delicate gentle-looking head and bill are, these are beautiful seabirds and I don’t see them enough. As a gust threatens to make them the last thing I see, I decide to move on a bit more, I have to capture some in flight, preferably the bird, not me as I plummet past.
what actually is occurring here is that she's following a flying Kittiwake, probably her partner, as he flies around the amphitheatre in front of her. He’s been trying to get landing clearance for a while now but ATC have him holding pattern. Well something like that, see below.
Rissa tridactyla Bulers of Buchan
08/06/2026
Canon R5ii EF500mm x1.4 f5.6 1/2049th ISO100
take-offs . . . . .
I can’t fly, obviously, so it is probably wrong of me to judge the difficulties associated with doing so for those so gifted. But, for all that, I suspect that when you’re on a cliff, with a ready updraught, and a pair of wings, getting airborne isn’t that hard. Just takes nerves, well that’s probably sorted out by natural selection, I assume that’s where Ostriches and other flightless birds came from, well something like that. Surely all you have to do is let go.
This kittiwake certainly appears to know no fear as he wilfully plummets head first from his resting spot, the manoeuvrer I have been trying to avoid for the past hour or so. I am pleased to note that he appears to be screaming much as I would do.
In addition to the unusual angle and action I like the couple to his right, one appears directly interested. I overhear her saying to her husband “why does he have to make all that noise every time he goes anywhere? It used to be so quiet around till he moved in”. I made that up bye the way.
Rissa tridactyla Bulers of Buchan
08/06/2026
Canon R5ii EF500mm x1.4 f5.6 1/2049th ISO400
. . . . . and landings
While taking off from a sheer cliff appears to be easy, the constantly shifting gusts and updraughts near the cliff make landing somewhat harder. I watch numerous birds circle many many times, always looking as though they want to land at a particular place, but miss. Actually the complexity of landing on a tiny flattish spot, on a sheer cliff, in gusting crosswinds, is more than complex. It is impossible. You are made of delicate lightweight bones, you can’t afford to ‘hit’ the rock, you have to effectively zero-out movement in all directions, at a precise spot. No, in can’t be done, I’m telling you!
This particular chap has already made several aborted landings, each time doing a ‘go-around’. After another circuit he comes back again and this time I decide to capture his struggle.
He found his spot, well in x and y, thing is, he’s two metres too high. On it’s own this picture does appear to show him waving gaily to his missus as he goes past, again. When I first saw him start these approaches I swear to god he had a pretty full bill of nesting material. I worry that when he does make it home he’s going to get it in the neck.
Rissa tridactyla Bulers of Buchan
08/06/2026
Canon R5ii EF500mm x1.4 f5.6 1/2049th ISO640
magic feet
May I please ignore my earlier protestations about not turning this site into a space for foot-fetishes? Cos I’m going to add more. As I looked through the sequence more closely I can see how hard they're working. He isn't waving those feet as a greeting, no, they are serving as flaps, ailerons, rudders and speed brakes, all in one, as he tries get home. These movements also probably serve to shift his centre of gravity. These are handy feet indeed, you can even use them to stand on, if he can get close enough to land.
Although far from perfect imagery, I put this sequences together to show how those feet in constant action as he approaches, crosses the threshold too high and eventually gives up to go-around again. His head indicating where he wants/ed to be.
I think I’ve worked out where that bedding went, every time he goes-around he probably has to curse a little. I swear to god that I heard him mutter 'fuck' somewhere through that bottom sequence.
I also wonder what his missus makes of it all as he sails past, again. Is she cheering him on, is she hiding her head under a wing, is she shouting derision. Perhaps she is pretending not to notice. I like to think the former.
Rissa tridactyla Bulers of Buchan
08/06/2026
Canon R5ii EF500mm x1.4
total control
As the cliff edge indents to form a perfect bowl, this is no doubt and old blowhole, now much collapsed, but still with a fully linked cliff-top edge forming an arch over the sea. It forms a prefect amphitheatre in which numerous guillemots circle below me. Well I have a merry old time.
I follow one as its arcs over the waters of the channel linking the enclosed amphitheatre and the sea. In the evening, when reviewing the days efforts, I notice how dark this water is, providing a lovely background for this bird. So here he/she is. It shows clearly the absence of any white ‘windows’ on the upper wing, the easy to spot ‘tell’ that it is a Kittiwake, not any other gull.
Rissa tridactyla Bulers of Buchan
08/06/2026
Canon R5ii EF500mm x1.4 F5.6 1/4095th ISO640
Greater Black-Backed Gull Larus marinus
A large gull, indeed the largest in the world, with a wing-span of around 1.5m. It has an equally large list of old and colloquial names. So we have: Black back, Black-and-white gull, Swart back (Orkney) Swarbie (Shetland), Saddleback (Norfolk, Lincs), Greater saddleback, Parson Gull, Mew (latter two Sussex and Galway), all from it’s colour. It’s size gave us Baagie (Shetland again), Goose gull and Gray gull (both Ireland), Gull Maw (East Lothian). We also have Cobb (Essex, Kent, North Devon, Wales and Galway again) but no reason for this last one is known.
Perhaps, almost uniquely amongst the Aves, this species seems to neither serve the devil, nor tell weather. So let’s move on.
This species is the most marine of the gulls, and seldom seen inland. So yes I had to go to the seaside to get some pictures. As I was travelling South to capture Eider, it made sense to add this lovely bird to the wish list.
bouyant tranquility
I’ve snuck (sneaked?) into a restricted part of a small harbour on the Fife coast. There are a few trawlers parked here (is that the right word?) and it seems at least one has only recently unloaded its catch. Numerous Herring gulls are paddling around, size wise they are eclipsed by a few greater black backed. And it is these I want. I seldom see them close.
I manage to find one floating in just enough space to isolate in a picture, and he looks nice enough. Snap. I’m not sure what he’s got on his head tho', and it marrs that lovely white coat a tad. I wonder if it’s a bindi, which is a lovely thought. But it’s more likely he’s been squabbling over discarded fish entrails.
Larus marina Fife 22/03/2026
Canon R5ii EF 500mm x1.4 f7 1/2049th ISO2000
not for long
well the tranquillity of a few moments ago is soon broken with a greater black-back ‘aving a go at a herring gull over a discarded piece of fish.
I’ve popped this one in not to show how argumentative gulls can be (who knew), but for a comparison of size of those two species. In particular that characteristic 'heavier' bill of the GBB.
Larus marina Fife 22/03/2026
Canon R5ii EF 500mm x1.4 f7 1/2049th ISO4000
Lesser Black-Backed Gull Larus fuscus
Well, is there another bird in Swainson (1885) with fewer recorded historical names than this species I haven't found it yet. We have Gray Gull and, from Shetland, Said Fool, what a great name. And that's all folks !
So, we have space for a little evolutionary diversion. LBB gulls and Herring gulls were considered to represent each end of a classic 'ring-species' around the northern circumpolar region. This is (was) a species that starts in one place, parts of this population then spread, in this case east with the prevailing winds, over time this part diversifies into another race/species which undergoes the same process, etc. etc. until they get all the way round and meet up with their ancestors again, voila, two new species, Herring and LBB gulls. In theory, this gives us a band, or ring, of inter-graded species. Can I add two caveats 1: this is much simplified, but it's been a long time since my first degree (go read Mayr:1963) 2: it all depends on what we call a species, biologists have a definition, but this is seldom invoked, esp. by the birding fraternity, who seem determined to split species into two at every opportunity. Anyway, all this ring-species stuff has been called into doubt (Liebers:2004).
What did that prove? Well, it tells you that if you stick 2 academics into a room, you'll get at least 3 vociferously argued opinions (it is, after-all, what you pay them for)
afternoon stroll
On a recent quick trip to Lisbon I visited as many likely bird spots as I could identify on a map, this led me to a sewage treatment works (often a good location for birds), but sadly the gates were locked. Kicking my feet I strolled around and found a little park adjacent the site with views over the same lagoon. I wandered in, I had just driven for an hour, to see what I could see. Mostly dog-sh*t it turns out and so, not wanting to scrub the carpet of the hire car, I turned to leave, carefully. Then this chap just flew in and strolled past. I asked him if he minded and I took a few frames of him.
He seems in moult, it is was November, so I promised to explain that to everyone and tell you he said I should have seen him a few months earlier when, according to him, he was ‘magnificent’, I’m sure he was.
I walked out, studying the ground closely, which rewarded me not only with clean shoes but close views of a Zootoca vivipara basking on the path, got a few pics, which I appear to have deleted somehow!
Larus fuscus Moinho de Marés da Mourisca 17/10/2024
Canon R5ii EF 500mm f4 1/5319th ISO200
Black-headed Gull Chroicocephalus ridibundus
Head colour (in summer) gave us the old names Black Cap (not to be confused with the Blackcap!), Black Head, Brown-headed gull (actually more exact than the current name) whereas Red-shanked and Reg-legged gull (both from Ireland), Red-legged pigeon mew (Norfolk) refer to, go on have a guess, yes, its bright red legs and feet! The names Puit, Peewit Gull (Norfolk) Sea Crow and Mire Crow were given because of their habit of following the plough searching for exposed insect larvae.
Regional names include Scoulton pie (Norfolk), Potterton gull (Aberdeen) Collochan gull (Kirkcudbright), Bakie (Shetland), Maddrick gull (Cornwall), Pickie burnet (Roxburgh).
snackette
Yup, poor picture, but it’s the action and ecology here that make it interesting enough for inclusion I think. A small group of BHGs are intermittently settling and flying, sometime low, over the water at Ruthven. They are picking off freshly emerged Mayflies. I once watched a Teal doing this and, strangely have a rather poor picture of that too.
I must take this opportunity to apologise to a gentleman sitting beside me in the hide before I took these. I was absorbed in looking around for the pair of reed bunting breeding here, and wasn’t paying any attention to a few gulls out of the loch, they were too far out for a nice picture. So when a nice man asked what they gulls were I muttered ‘Common’. They were all being quiet and I think that mislead me, that and not actually bothering to look! ‘Are you sure they’re not black-headed?’ Well, again without bothering to check through the binoculars, and they were a long way out, I repeated by suggestion. I cannot believe I was so distracted to answer a genuine enquiry. I am a total arse.
He then added ‘I think they’re taking mayflies, they must be emerging’. Well to compound my unreasonable lack of diligence I said I thought they were after fish.
So, this picture is also here to show how exactly right he was, and how totally wrong my suggestions were! When I looked through the bins, yup those black heads are kinda of a clue. And, well let’s be honest, what they were eating. I suppose I could have used Photoshop AI to generate a flying fish here to cover my embarrassment. Sorry sir, you were right and I was absolutely stupid. Humility can be good!
Chroicocephalus (Larus ) ridibundus Loch Ruthven 28/05/2026
Canon R5ii EF 500mm x1.4 f7 1/2049th ISO500
new coat
We all like new summer clothes, and birds are no different. This ridibundus just looks lovely and svelte in his new togs. When I decided to break my journey back home from the Northumberland coast at Loch Levine I hadn’t expected to see a large black-headed colony there. But I have a soft spot for gulls, especially this variety as I don’t see them at home much. So as I entered the hide nearest most of the noise I was looking forward to sitting quietly, watching the frenetic activity and getting a few pretty images to add to the winter plumage ones below. Turn the door handle slowly, many creak, open door slowly, ditto, ………………...
……………………. and I’m attacked by 2 madly barking fucking dogs leaping at me before they are dragged off by their moronic owners. Look as far as I am concerned a nature reserve is firstly for the habitat and animals and only secondly for viewing and education. At no level are they for dog walkers to sit and have lunch with their dogs! Hides used to be quiet, tranquil places to avoid disturbing the birds, and now it’s considered OK to bring barking dogs in with you. Maybe I missed the message. I made my opinions really rather clear and, glaring, they left. In their minds I was the one at fault, you know wanting to use an RSPB hide for birdwatching, perhaps I was. (Why is the RSPB allowing this can I ask? Certainly the staff at the visitor centre couldn't have cared less when I mentioned it to them on the way out)
However, once I'm seated the sights and sounds of an active gull colony quickly soothe my brow. Yes gulls are, especially en masse , squabbling noisy chaps, but there is something you have to like about them. And BH Gulls in new summer plumage look sleek and fashionable. I quickly see one a short way off from the general hubbub that I feel epitomises this. I snap his picture as he stands quietly looking at his noisy mates. There is was no point in asking if he minded, he wouldn't have been able to hear me over the noise, but thank you anyway.
Chroicocephalus (Larus ) ridibundus Loch Leven 26/03/2026
Canon R5ii EF 500mm x1.4 f5.6 1/1025th ISO100
something to say
Sleek or not, gulls are, well, still gulls and usually have rather a lot to say, loudly. This lady looks to be venting her angst at me, but I think her neighbour just out of sight is the centre of her concern so I don’t take it personally.
Chroicocephalus (Larus ) ridibundus Loch Leven 26/03/2026
Canon R5ii EF 500mm x1.4 f5.6 1/2049th ISO640
threatening behaviour
Of course communication it isn’t just verbal, and this typical neck-down threat display is visible throughout this active group. It is usually aimed at those flying low or just settled.
Chroicocephalus (Larus ) ridibundus Loch Leven 26/03/2026
Canon R5ii EF 500mm x1.4 f5.6 1/3165th ISO400
black-headed gull, on a stick
It's a cold winter's late afternoon, and going to get colder, it is winter after-all. And this chap is showing his winter plumage.
I like the way he's sitting there, just looking, musing perhaps. Mebbe he's wondering whether this is a good place to spend the night. in the meantime I don't wonder about this problem at all, it's all worked-out, hot-shower, bar, restaurant, hotel room. All nice and warm. Perhaps he's thinking: Who's that smug bastard, I should fly over there right now and shit on his head?
Chroicocephalus (Larus ) ridibundus U. of Stirling 10/12/2024
Canon R5ii EF 500mm f4 1/181th ISO1200
babe, it's cold outside
Well you don't need me to tell you, just look at that body language. Shoulders drawn in, feathers puffed out. Yes of course he's got his own duvet, but he's standing on the ice, no wellies, no socks.
This is the next morning, and this may be the same bird from the previous evening. He's been out here all night and it is bloody cold. And I've forgotten my gloves again.
the way birds cope with this bare feet/cold issue is very interesting, just too boring for right now. Try:
here
n.b. this links to an external website
Chroicocephalus (Larus ) ridibundus U. of Stirling 11/12/2024
Canon R5ii EF 500mm f4 1/724th ISO1250
Common Gull Larus canus
Mew, or Maa, both derived from the Icelandic for the cry of a bird feature widely in earlier and regional names for this gull as in: Mew, Sea Mew, Sea Maa, and Sea Mall (Scotland). Similarly, from Shetland we have Small Maa and Blue Maa, with Gow from Aberdeen. From England we have something of a more varying theme with: Cobb or Sea Cobb (Kent, Essex, Suffolk and, yay, Norfolk). This bird's habit of appearing at the time of barley sowing and following the plough gave us Seed Bird and Barley Bird. The derivation of the names Annet (Northumberland) Winter Bonnet and the lovely Coddy Moddy (my favourite here) sadly remain unknown to me.
Common gull, on a stick
I prefer to photograph solitary birds, something that can often be hard in the case of many gull species, they have a lot of friends. But, dejectedly walking back in the rain from yet another failed attempt to find a pair of Grey Wagtails I knew were ‘somewhere’ along a stream, I came across this chap looking, so it seemed, in much the same mood as I, he's even got a drop of rain on his 'nose'. Saying hello politely, we shared our woes for a bit, then he asked if I would mind taking his picture, I did, and we parted good friends.
What made me stop and take this one was simply the way he stood out from the sombre weather and the green of the pasture behind. Yes I could have done without the fence poles, but I was using the RF100-500 at the time and the aperture is way too small to give good bokeh. Right stop moaning.
Larus canus Strathnairn 07/03/2023
Canon R5 RF1000-500mm (480mm) f8 1/2000th ISO1600
Herring Gull Larus argentatus
Regionally known as Silvery (Ireland), White Maa (Shetland), Willie Gow (Lothian, Aberdeen) and Laughing Gull (Belfast). Also called Cat Gull (Kirkcudbright), now this moniker either arises from its call or mebbe from its predation of newly released or hatched game birds. Apparently, they were detested by gamekeepers (what wasn't I wonder?).
pretty in (sea) pink
It is so nice to find a ‘real’ Herring gull up here on the cliff-top, making a change from those seduced by the pizza, chicken wings and chips so readily available in the urban environs. I tell this chap so, and asks if he minds me taking his picture. “Of course, I was hoping you’d ask” he replies, adding “it would be better over here though, amongst the sea pinks.....” as he obligingly hops forward a metre or so “…... but you’ll have to excuse my feathers, there’s a bugger of a wind up here”. Snap.
Just before I wander on I ask what his plans are for the rest of the afternoon. “Probably a nap I think, it’s going to be a bit of a late night…” comes the reply “.. me and a few mates are flying to up Aberdeen for some chips”
I give up.
Larus argentatus Bullers of Buchan
08/06/2026 16.42
Canon R5ii RF500mm 1.4x f6.4 1/2049th ISO180
a lot to say
Up on the top floor of this car-park it’s a tad ‘blowy’, but it does give me a nice birds-eye take on all around me, and there’s a handy wall to steady the camera on. Just over a lane the roof opposite sports a number of Herring gull parents and new kids. There’s a fair amount of noise as one might expect. I like the eye to eye angle I can get with the birds up here. Sure I could get that I suppose for the birds down on the street, you know, by laying amongst all discarded chip-wrappers, half-eaten chocolate bars, bits of cast-off chicken leg, curry sauce, crisp packets, and other detritus cast aside by those unable to go ten minutes without stuffing something into their faces. I wonder why there are so many gulls around?? No I’ll stay up here despite the wind thank you.
This chap/lady has a lot to say, and isn’t holding back. Now it isn’t a particularly pretty picture I suppose, but it does show nicely the serrations inside the mouth, an adaptation to holding onto slippery fish, and these days perhaps cast-off slices of pizza! What is that red mark over the eye I wonder, pizza sauce or the result of beaky-cuffs over a chip or two?
Larus argentatus Inverness
09/08/2025 11:52
Canon R5 RF500mm 1.4x f5.6 1/1449th ISO400
Herring gull pair: it is love
?
The next pair pictures are here because I like to think they tell a story of love, and who doesn’t like one of those. Mind you I might be wrong, still it’s a nice story. The top one was taken in November and shows a pair of what I’ve been told by several of my betters, if not elders, are Herring gulls. And I’ve checked with a lot of serious birders (they never larf). The problem with gulls tho’ is that most go through several potentially problematic plumage changes over the first 2 or 3yrs of life, in addition to the usual annual summer/winter cycle adults do. If they are both Herring gulls they appear to be young birds in winter attire, one perhaps a year older than the other. Look, I first thought one was a lesser-black backed (see the slightly different leg colour) but I was told this can vary a lot early on.
And then let’s not forget the Yellow-legged gull. All three species are similar size so I just think aaaaaaaaaaaarrrrrrrrgh. Normally, as the ID is ambiguous I would have left it out. But there’s that love story right.
I just think it looks as the chap is showing his new mate around, asking what she thinks of the place, does she want to settle down around here, have some screaming argumentative chicks.
Larus argentatus Strathnairn
05/04/2024 13:40
Canon R5 RF100-500mm f11 1/1000th ISO800
Herring gull pair, is it love
? 2
So skip forward to early April, this is the same rock, and if this is the same pair, they now sport the latest summer plumage, ready to rock on the chick front. She appears to be much more relaxed now.
Ok, all of that might well be a load of wishful thinking. I just like to dream.
Larus argentatus Strathnairn
05/04/2024 13:40
Canon R5 RF100-500mm (500mm) f11 1/1000th ISO800
waiting for his bride
And here is the groom, waiting atop the chapel for his bride to be. The wedding is due to start, and she's late. Probably not, but hey if we’re telling stories.
Larus argentatus Kiltairn
14/02/2025 14:02
Canon R5 RF500mm 1.4x f5.6 1/1025th ISO100
Yellow-legged Gull Larus michahellis
Well you’d better believe that naturalists, birdwatchers, birders, twitchers have all been at their ‘game’ for a long time, centuries really (this isn’t tautology, they’re all very different species). And there are a lot of them, oh yeah, and many are keen, keen, keen (this isn’t tautology either, just repetition for effect). And books, and guides, there are simply thousands, and all written by people who have looked very, very, very closely. So, it would be surprising, would it not, if they had all over-looked a species. We’re not talking of some minute brown beetle in Outer Mongolia, nope we’re talking of a great big bird in Europe and North Africa.
But, now the ‘splitters’ have managed to find a new one, and what was previously thought a race of Herring Gull or Caspian Gull is, since what no doubt, must have been a truly exciting day in 2005, is now the all-new Yellow-legged Gull, or Larus michahellis after the Bavarian naturalist Karl Michahelles. I wonder what he would have thought of that.
I do hope nothing said above is taken, in any way whatsoever, as sarcasm. I suspect I often share hides with these tireless folk, and fisty-cuffs is so undignified.
have a guess
I am quite old, and apparently we had less birds in the 1960s, hence I found myself walking past a Herring Gull standing alone in some rough pasture. No I thought, hang-on, walking backward for a bit, that's one of those new-fangled Larus michahellis-sss, it's hard to keep up sometimes with all these new models.
So here it is, maybe. Yeah, I know, like a new iPhone, it looks the same as last year's model.
Larus fuscus/argentatus/ or the all new michahellis Strathnairn 11/06/2024 14:39
Canon R5 RF500mm f4 1/1025th ISO125
what does he think i wonder
He looks directly at me, as if to ask who he is now. I have so many questions for him I want to ask, not least does he still eat fish and does he still fancy lady Herring Gulls!
Larus fuscus/argentatus/ or the all new michahellis Strathnairn 11/06/2024 14:39
Canon R5 RF500mm f4 1/1025th ISO125
Slender-billed Gull Chroicocephalus genei
As a very occasional vagrant visitor to the UK Swainson (1885) is simply blank on this species, so no old names of folklore with which to entertain you, ho hum. So, well, they are a delicate species, tad bigger than Black-headed gull, breed in isolated places around the Mediterranean, Black, and Caspian Seas. Over-winters as far afield as East Africa, through middle-east to the east coast of India.
Wasn't very exciting, was it? But at least you now know where to go to see one! A pity Swainson never took a holiday to the Med. However, still eager to learn of any old or colloquial names for this species I did ask a local gentleman who was passing. He told me it was a "É um maldito pássaro, seu inglês estúpido do caraças". That did seem quite a long name but I assume he knows what he's talking about.
morning rays
Using my new-found, sadly transient, ability to leap (poetic licence) out of bed early I was wandering around an area of salinas on the western Algarve coast, before sun-rise. Pools full early morning sounds and calls. Anyone know Brian Eno's track ‘Unfamiliar Wind’, if you’ll pardon the phrase, and 'a clearing', from the album 'On Land’? Like that, just less synthesiser. As the sun broached the horizon the first bird I came across was this sweet little chap, seemingly enjoying the first warm rays of dawn.
Chroicocephalus genei Ribeiro do Tronco, Fuseta
24/10/2024 07:59 Canon R5 EF500mm f4 1/3165th ISO2000